SQL*Plus бетінің бастапқы мәтінін қарау

'''SQL*Plus''' - Оракл теру утилитасы 
<!-- The most basic Oracle utility, with a basic command-line interface, commonly used by users, administrators, and programmers.

==Command types==
SQL*Plus understands three categories of text:<ref name="CommandRef">{{cite web | url=http://www.orafaq.com/faq/sqlplus | title=SQL*Plus at orafaq.com | accessdate=2007-11-26 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071109104758/http://www.orafaq.com/faq/sqlplus  |archivedate = 2007-11-09}}</ref> 

# SQL statements
# PL/SQL blocks
# SQL*Plus internal commands, for example:
## environment control commands such as SET
## environment monitoring commands such as SHOW

Scripts can include all of these components.

An Oracle programmer in the appropriately configured software environment can launch SQL*Plus, for example, by entering:

 <code>sqlplus scott/tiger</code>

where the Oracle user <code>scott</code> has the password <code>tiger</code>. SQL*Plus then presents a prompt with the default form of:

 <pre>SQL&gt;</pre>

Interactive use can then start by entering a SQL statement (terminated by a semicolon), a PL/SQL block, or another command. For example:

 <pre>SQL&gt; select 'Hello world' as example from dual;

EXAMPLE
--------------------------------
Hello world</pre>

== History ==

The first version of SQL*Plus was called ''UFI'' ("User Friendly Interface"). UFI appeared in Oracle database releases up to Version 4.

After Oracle programmers had added new features to UFI, its  name became ''Advanced UFI''.  The name "Advanced UFI"  changed to "SQL*Plus" before the release of this{{Which?|date=July 2009}} version.

{{As of |2012|1}} the product continues to bear the name ''SQL*Plus''.

==Usage==

Graphical interfaces from Oracle or third parties have diminished the proportion of Oracle database end-users who depend on the SQL*Plus environment. Oracle shops typically continue to use SQL*Plus scripts for batch updating or simple reports.{{Citation needed|date=November 2008}}

Oracle Corporation's wrappers/gui-fications/replacements for SQL*Plus include:

* Oracle SQL*Plus Worksheet, a component of [[Oracle Enterprise Manager|OEM]]<ref>{{cite web
| url         = http://docs.cs.cf.ac.uk/html/601/node4.html
| title       = The SQL*Plus Worksheet
| accessdate  = 2008-11-21
| author      = 
| last        = Evans
| first       = Robert
| authorlink  = 
| coauthors   = 
| date        = 2008-10-01
| year        = 
| month       = 
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| publisher   = Cardiff University
| location    =
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| doi         = 
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| quote       = Oracle's SQL*Plus Worksheet is a straight-forward, easy-to-use, graphical user interface for SQL.
}}
</ref>
* iSQL*Plus or iSQLPlus, a web-based utility<ref>{{cite web
| url         = http://www.orafaq.com/wiki/ISQLPlus
| title       = ISQLPlus
| accessdate  = 2008-11-21
| author      = 
| last        = 
| first       = 
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| coauthors   = 
| date        = 2008-02-29
| year        = 
| month       = 
| work        = 
| publisher   = Oracle FAQ
| location    =
| pages       = 
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| archivedate = 
| quote       = iSQLPlus (iSQL*Plus) is a web-based utility similar to the SQL*Plus command line utility for executing SQL and PL/SQL commands (available up to Oracle 10gR2). 
}}
</ref>
* SQL Worksheet,<ref>{{cite web
| url         = http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/database/sql_developer/files/featurelist_1_5.htm#nf_sql
| title       = Oracle SQL Developer 1.5: Feature List 
| accessdate  = 2008-11-21
| author      = 
| last        = 
| first       = 
| authorlink  = 
| coauthors   = 
| date        = 
| year        = 
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| work        = 
| publisher   = Oracle Corporation
| location    =
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| language    = 
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| quote       = The SQL*Plus commands supported by Oracle SQL Developer SQL Worksheet are listed [...]
}}
</ref> a component of [[Oracle SQL Developer]]
* SQL Workshop (part of [[Oracle Application Express]])<ref>{{cite web
| url         = http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/database/application_express/html/what_is_apex.html
| title       = Oracle Application Express
| accessdate  = 2008-11-21
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| publisher   = Oracle Corporation
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| quote       = SQL Workshop provides tools to enable you to view and manage database objects from a Web browser.  Use SQL Commands to run SQL and PL/SQL statements. ...
}}
</ref>

=== Oracle 11g ===
Starting from Oracle database 11g, iSqlplus (web based) and sqlplus graphical GUI no longer ship with Oracle database software.<ref>[http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32006/whatsnew.htm#BGGBABGJ Deprecated Components in Oracle Database 11g Release 1 (11.1)], retrieve by 25-Jun-2009</ref>
The command-line SQL*Plus interface continues in use, mostly{{Citation needed|date=July 2009}} for non-interactive scripting or for administrative purposes (<code>connect internal</code> before Oracle 8i; <code>sqlplus ... as sysdba</code> later).

==Compatibility==
Other vendors have made their software somewhat compatible with SQL*Plus script commands or offer a SQL*Plus mode of operation. Relevant products include [[TOAD (software)|TOAD]] from [[Quest Software]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2008}}

== Integration ==
{{Expand section|date=July 2009}}

=== Variables ===

SQL*Plus-internal variables, accessible within an SQL*Plus session, include:

* user variables, displayable with the DEFINE command and referenceable with one or two cases of a prefixed character (default prefixes: '&' and '&&'). These variables are called "substitution variables" and can be used anywhere in a SQL or PL SQL statement or in SQL Plus commands. They can be populated by a literal using DEFINE or from the database using the column command. 
** predefined variables, prefixed with an underscore ('_')<ref>
{{cite book
|last= Alapati
|first= Sam R.
|authorlink=
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|firstn=,lastn=
|authorn-link
|editor=
|editorn=
|editorn-last
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|editor-link
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|title= Expert Oracle Database 11g Administration
|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=tdRes4IdLiIC&dq
|format=
|accessdate= 2009-07-29
|edition=
|series=
|volume=
|date=
|origyear=
|year= 2008
|month=
|publisher= Apress
|location=
|isbn= 978-1-4302-1015-3
|oclc=
|doi=
|bibcode=
|id=
|pages= 118–119
|nopp=
|chapter= 4
|chapterurl= http://books.google.com/books?id=tdRes4IdLiIC&pg=PA118&lpg=PA118&dq=sqlplus+predefined+variable&source=bl&ots=7Qx008gycp&sig=PYHPGw7CVSsrKJwaXXLDR_ZtsLc&hl=en&ei=QcFvStL6NYPwsQOx48zNCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9
|quote=
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}}
</ref>
** substitution variables, useful for interacting with user-input<ref>
{{cite web
 |first       = Natalka
 |last        = Roshak
 |authorlink  = 
 |title       = Spice up your SQL Scripts with Variables
 |url         = http://www.orafaq.com/node/515
 |archiveurl  = 
 |work        = Oracle FAQ
 |publisher   = 
 |location    = 
 |doi         = 
 |date        = 2005-11-06
 |archivedate = 
 |accessdate  = 2009-07-29
 |quote       = & and && indicate substitution variables in SQL*Plus scripts or commands.
}}
</ref>
* bind variables, prefixed by a colon (':'), which can interact with the PL/SQL environment. Displayable with the VARIABLE and PRINT commands<ref>
{{cite web
 |first       = René
 |last        = Nyffenegger
 |author      = 
 |authorlink  = 
 |coauthors   = 
 |title       = Using bind variables in SQL*Plus
 |url         = http://www.adp-gmbh.ch/ora/sqlplus/use_vars.html
 |archiveurl  = 
 |work        = René Nyffenegger's collection of things on the web
 |publisher   = 
 |location    = 
 |doi         = 
 |date        = 
 |month       = 
 |year        = 
 |archivedate = 
 |accessdate  = 2009-07-29
 |quote       = In SQL*Plus, a bind variable is declared with <code>variable</code> [...] The value of the bind variable can then be printed with <code>print</code>  
}}
</ref>

== Supplementary software ==
* [http://www.softtree.com SQL Assistant] SQL Assistant add-on for SQL*Plus Windows version extends SQL*Plus with SQL automatic word completion, in-line Oracle SQL Reference, data export/import, code unit testing, data browsing, and code development functions.
* [http://utopia.knoware.nl/~hlub/uck/rlwrap/ rlwrap] rlwrap does [[GNU]] [[Readline]] like command completion for SQL*Plus on [[UNIX]] and [[Linux]].
-->
== Тағы қараңыз ==
* [[Oracle SQL Developer]]

==Сілттемелер==
{{Reflist}}

==Сыртқы сілттемелер==
* [http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14357/toc.htm SQL*Plus documentation]
* [http://www.orafaq.com/wiki/SQL*Plus_FAQ SQL*Plus FAQ]
* [http://www.sql-plus.com/ SQL*Plus tutorial]

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[[Санат:Oracle]]
[[Санат:PL/SQL]]
[[Санат:SQL]]
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